Theres a couple of issues here, I'm not convinced they're interrelated. I hope if money changed hands with your 'mate' you got it for a good price, as it doesn't sound good.
Error code 52030 refers to a problem between the Wii and your router. I'd ask your mate if he's ever been online with it and look at your router setup accordingly.
"Current Wii system is 4.1E. Homebrew is installed and showed IOS58 V23 32 when it was installed and launched using hackmii installer.
But when I try it launching it now" - by your choice of words and 'now', you seem to imply that you know it did work and something has changed. Is IOS58 V23 32 how it stands now?
Obviously USB loader talk is a no no, but I'm assuming by 'my drive doesn't work' you aren't just referring to copied discs. If you are, then be aware for the last year or so Wii's have had the functionality to play DVD-R's removed. If your drive isn't recognizing legitimate discs then you have a hardware problem that probably isn't fixable on these boards.
Other than that htaed pretty much covered it.